Monday, 30 July 2012

Important Biography questions for IAS


BIOGRAPHY

1.    Which one of the following statements is not correct?
        (a)   Mollisol is thick in depth and dark brown in colour.
        (b)   Andisol is a volcanic soil.
        (c)   Oxisol have well developed horizons.
        (d)   Inceptisol have weakly developed.

2.    Soil horizon E exists between horizons of?
        (a)   O & A                                                                       (b)      A & B
        (c)   B & C                                                                       (d)      C & R

3.    Which of the following soils are clay rich soil that shrink and swell with changes in moisture content?
        (a)   Andisols                                                                            (b)         Histosols
        (c)   Ultisols                                                                    (d)      Nertisols

4.    A plant which grows under very low temperature is called
        (a)   Heliuphyte                                                             (b)      Homeostasis
        (c)   Hekistotherm                                                         (d)      Halocline

5.    Consider the following statements:-
        1.    Soil consist of organic and inorganic matter.
        2.    Humus particles give the soil a brown or black color.
        3.    Soil has high level of oxygen.
        (a)   1 & 2                                                                        (b)      2 & 3
        (c)   1 & 3                                                                        (d)      All of these

6.    The correct sequence of strata of the rainforest from (top to bottom):-
        (a)   Emergents,canopy,understory,forest floor.
        (b)   Canopy,emergents,understory,forest floor.
        (c)   Forest floor,understory,emergents,canopy.
        (d)   understory,forest floor,emergents,canopy.

7.    Which biome is also called boreal forest
        (a)   Grass lands                                                            (b)      Taiga
        (c)   Tundra                                                                    (d)      Rain forest.

8.    Match the following?
               List I                                                                                   List II
               (Types of Soil)                                                                (Region)
        A.    Alfisol                                                                      1.       Savanna grasslands sudan.
        B.    Histosol                                                                   2.       South East Asia.
        C.    Ultisol                                                                      3.       Taiga region
        D.    Vertisol                                                                    4.       Peat or muck in temperate latitude.
        Code:
                        A                     B                       C                     D       
        (a)            3                     4                       1                     2
        (b)            3                     4                       2                     1
        (c)            1                     2                       3                     4
        (d)            1                     2                       4                     3

9.    Sclerphyll forest is a typical vegetation of the?
        (a)   Equatorial climate                                                 (b)      N.W European climate
        (c)   St. Lawrance climate                                            (d)      Mediterranean climate

10.  Which one of the following ecosystems has the highest primary production?
        (a)   Continental shelf                                                  (b)      Algal beds and reefs
        (c)   Open Oceans                                                        (d)      Esturies (tidal)

11.  Consider the following about Taiga?
        1.    Taiga is the largest land biome on Earth.
        2.    Its Area about 17.1 of the Earth’s Land area.
        3.    It is characterized a low arte of precipitation.
        Which of the above statements are correct?
        (a)   1 & 2                                                                        (b)      2 & 3
        (c)   1 & 3                                                                        (d)      All of these

12.  Consider the following?
        1.    Snake is Teri tarry consumer in grassland biome.
        2.    Fish is Secondary consumer in Pond biome.
        Which of the following is\are correct?
        (a)   1 Only                                                                     (b)      2 Only
        (c)   Both 1 & 2                                                              (d)      Neither 1 & 2

13.  The specific physical space occupied by an Oraganism in ecosystem is called:
        (a)   Nekton                                                                    (b)      Niche
        (c)   Food web                                                               (d)      Limnectic

14.  Consider the following?
        1.    Mediterranean climate has warm summer and moist winter.
        2.    Pine and spruce are mainly found in the taiga forest.
        Which of the following is\are correct?
        (a)   1 Only                                                                     (b)      2 Only
        (c)   Both 1 & 2                                                              (d)      Neither 1 nor 2

15.  Match the following?
                              List I                                                                                 List II
               (Koppel climate Designation)                                     (Biomes and Ecosystem)
        A.    CFA                                                                         1.       Ferns and palm
        B.    CGA                                                                        2.       Maple
        C.    AW                                                                           3.       Olive
        D.    AF                                                                            4.       Acacia
        Code:
                        A                     B                       C                     D       
        (a)            4                     1                       3                     2
        (b)            4                     1                       2                     3
        (c)            2                     3                       1                     4
        (d)            2                     3                       4                     1

16.  Consider the following?
        1.    Tertiary consumers eat secondary consumers.
        2.    Food chains end with top predators animals that have little or ni natural enemies.
        Which of the following is\are correct?
        (a)   1 Only                                                                     (b)      2 Only
        (c)   Both 1 & 2                                                              (d)      Neither 1 nor 2

17.  Which is the most polluted City in the World?
        (a)   Cairo                                                                       (b)      Delhi   
        (c)   Kolkata                                                                    (d)      Tiajin

18.  Which is correct sequence of emission CO2 of given countries?
        (a)   China > United State > Russia > India
        (b)   United state > China > Russia > India
        (c)   United State > China > India >Russia
        (d)   China > Russia >India > United States
                                                                                             
       
19.  Which one of the following is not correctly matched?
                Country                              Vegetation
        (a)   Russia                :                   Spuce
        (b)   Australia              :                  Eucalyptus
        (c)   Congo                 :                  Sclerophyllous
        (d)   Brazil                   :                 Epiphytes               

20.  Consider the following?
        1.    Equatorial rain forest is often called as “Broad leaf evergreen forest”
        2.    Some species develop wide buttress roots
        3.    Crown of equatorial trees have two or three layers.
        Which of the above statements are correct?
        (a)   1 & 2                                                                        (b)      2 & 3
        (c)   1 & 3                                                                        (d)      All of the these.
       
21.  In Which biochore the structure of vegetation is significantly determined and maintained by pervodic fires?
        (a)   Desert                                                                     (b)      Forest
        (c)   Savanna                                                                           (d)         Tundra

22.  Which is the Correct sequence of the primary production for various ecosystems in a descending order:
        (a)   Rain Forest of equatorial zone, fresh water swamps and marshes Triga forest, Temperate grass lands.
        (b)   Fresh water swamps and marshes , Rain  forest of equatorial zone Taiga Forests, Temprate grass lands.
        (c)   Fresh water swamps and marshes, Rain forest of equatorial zone Temporate grass lands , Taiga forest.
        (d)   Rain forest of equatorial zone, Fresh water swamps and marshes, Taiga forests, Temperate grass lands.

23.  Consider the following?
        1.    Lianas is a characteristic of the equatorial forest.
        2.    The selva is the largest tract of equatorial rain forest.
        Which of the following is\are correct?
        (a)   1 Only                                                                     (b)      2 Only
        (c)   Both 1 & 2                                                              (d)      Neither 1 nor 2

24.  The tallest tree of the world are found in the:
        (a)   Equaterial biome                                                  (b)      Tropical biome
        (c)   Temperate rain-forest biome                              (d)      Mediterranean biome

25.  Match the following?
                List I                                                                        List II
               (Soil type)                                                              (Region)
        A.    Chernozems                                                          1.       Northen plains of India.
        B.    Laterite                                                                    2.       Eastern Romania
        C.    Podzol                                                                     3.       Eastern Russia
        D.    Alluvial                                                                    4.       Central Africa
        Code:
                        A                     B                       C                     D       
        (a)            2                     4                       1                     3
        (b)            2                     4                       3                     1
        (c)            1                     3                       4                     2
        (d)            3                     1                       4                     2

26.  The vegetation which survive on aerial roots is:
        (a)   Selvas                                                                     (b)      Coatringa
        (c)   Taiga                                                                       (d)      Mangrove
         
27.  Which one of the following pars are correctly matched?
        (a)   Chernozem                        -                                  Savannas
        (b)   Sierozen                            -                                    Selvas
        (c)   Podzol                                -                                    Conifers
        (d)   Latosols                             -                                    Scribs

28.  Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?
        1.    Pine – Coniferous
        2.    Sal – Tropical deciduous
        3.    Teak – Evergreen
        Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
        (a)   1 & 2                                                                        (b)      2 & 3
        (c)   1 & 3                                                                        (d)      1, 2 & 3

29.  Consider the following about Timberline:
        1.    The boundary marking the termination of tree growth is known  as the timber line.
        2.    Its location is determined by the amount of moisture, exposure, evaporation and depth of snow.
        Which of the following is\are correct?
        (a)   1 Only                                                                     (b)      2 Only
        (c)   Both 1 & 2                                                              (d)      Neither 1 nor 2

30.  Laterite soils are formed due to:
        (a)   Removal of silicates , lime and Oraganic matter.
        (b)   Distegration of Volcanic matter.
        (c)   Deposition of limestone
        (d)   Decayed organic matter

31.  Soil, which have undergone gleying and are associated with marshes, swamps or poorly drained upland are called:
        (a)   Halomorphic soil                                                   (b)      Oligomorphic soils
        (c)   Calcimorphic Soil                                                 (d)      Hydromorphic Soils

32.  Consider the following?
        1.    Gleization is associated with areas where organic matter is undecomposed or partially decomposed.
        2.    In humid tropical climate, excessive leaching takes place under alternative arid and humid conditions.
        Which of the following is\are correct?
        (a)   1 Only                                                                     (b)      2 Only
        (c)   Both 1 & 2                                                              (d)      Neither 1 nor 2

33.  Which one of the following statement is not correct?
        (a)   Grassland soils rich in organic matter and high in bases are called Mollisols.
        (b)   Highly weathered tropical and subtropical soils are called Oxisols.
        (c)   Soils in waterlogged and with high organic matter are called Histosols.
        (d)   Recent Soils with no horizons are called Inceptisols.

34.  The biotic component of an ecosystem can be divided into functional categories on the basis of food or energy source. Each such group of Organisms forms a:             
        (a)   Food chains                                                           (b)      Food web
        (c)   Trophic community                                              (d)      Species

35.  A Transition zone between two adjacent biomes, contaiig some organisms from adjacents biomes and some characterstic ones restricted to the zone itself is called:
        (a)   Ecotope                                                                             (b)         Ecotone
        (c)   Eco species                                                           (d)      Eco sphere
36.  When the succession starts under condition highly unfavourable to plants themselves have to create a suitable physical environment for themselves, it is
        (a)   A primary succession                                          (b)      A pioneer succession
        (c)   An Autogeic Successio                                       (d)      An allogenic succession

37.  Before the climatic climay Vegetation evolves there are some stages of short term equilibrium between the plants and the environment such a short climax is called?
        (a)   A Short term Climax                                             (b)      An edaphic climax
        (c)   A temporary climax                                               (d)      An eco-climax

38.  Consider the following?
        1.    Soils of tropical regions are rich in insoluble iron and aluminium compounds.
        2.    High temperature and humidity are favourable to bacterial activity and the soils thus lack humus.
        Which for statements is\are correct?
        (a)   1 Only                                                                     (b)      2 Only
        (c)   Both 1 & 2                                                              (d)      Neither 1 nor 2

39.  Which one of the following statements is not true about soils?
        (a)   Hardpan is layer of hard deposits which occurs in the lower layers of some soils.
        (b)   A lateritic soil can form any type of rock.
        (c)   Peaf soils developed best under hot and dry climate conditions.
        (d)   Terra Rossa Soils form under semiarid conditions.

40.  These soils are limited geographically to the high latitude polar regions and localized areas at high mountains.
        Which of the following soils?
        (a)   Spodosols                                                              (b)      Gelisols
        (c)   Alifisols                                                                   (c)      Entisols

41.  Which one is supposed to be the most stable environment?
        (a)   Temperate grasslands                                         (b)      Tropical rain forest
        (c)   Hilly regions                                                           (d)      Deep sea regions

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